Luxating Patella surgery

Patellar luxation is a condition where the kneecap slips out of its normal groove. It's most common in small and toy breeds but does occur in larger dogs. Severity is graded I–IV; surgery is generally indicated for grades II–IV or for grade I dogs with clinical lameness.

What it is

Surgical correction is tailored to the underlying anatomy. It typically combines several techniques: deepening the trochlear groove (trochleoplasty), realigning the tibial tuberosity, and soft-tissue rebalancing (lateral release, medial imbrication). The goal is a stable, well-tracking kneecap.

When it's needed

• Grade II–IV medial or lateral patellar luxation
• Grade I luxation causing recurrent lameness
• Concurrent cruciate ligament disease (often coexists)
• Progressive osteoarthritis or skeletal deformity
• Active dogs with reduced quality of life

Procedure summary

Performed under general anesthesia, typically 60–120 minutes. The exact combination of techniques is decided intraoperatively based on the dog's anatomy. Same-day or overnight discharge is typical.

Recovery

6–8 weeks of restricted activity with leash walks only. Physiotherapy accelerates return to function. Most dogs return to normal activity by 3 months.

Common questions